The discovery of new pharmaceutical drugs is one of the preeminent tasks—scientifically,
economically, and socially—in biomedical research. Advances in informatics and …

Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are abundant in the venoms of vipers and
rattlesnakes, playing important roles for the snake adaptation to different environments, and …

The role of natural selection in the evolution of trait complexity can be characterized by
testing hypothesized links between complex forms and their functions across species …

Bothrops atrox snakes are mostly endemic of the Amazon rainforest and is certainly the
South American pit viper responsible for most of the snakebites in the region. The …

Measuring local adaptation can provide insights into how coevolution occurs between
predators and prey. Specifically, theory predicts that local adaptation in functionally matched …

The origin of snake venom involved duplication and recruitment of non-venom genes into
venom systems. Several studies have predicted that directional positive selection has …

Lancehead pit-vipers (Bothrops genus) are an extremely diverse and medically important
group responsible for the greatest number of snakebite envenomations and deaths in South …

Venom variability is commonly reported for venomous snakes including Bothrops atrox.
Here, we compared the composition of venoms from B. atrox snakes collected at Amazonian …

Snake venom evolution is typically considered to be predominantly driven by diet-related
selection pressures. Most evidence for this is based on lethality to prey and non-prey …

Naja naja is a medically important species that is distributed widely in South Asia. Its venom
lethality and neutralization profile have been reported to vary markedly, but the …