Temperature profoundly influences physiological responses in animals, primarily due to the
effects on biochemical reaction rates. Since physiological responses are often exemplified …

Winter survival for thousands of species of insects relies on adaptive strategies for cold
hardiness. Two basic mechanisms are widely used (freeze avoidance by deep supercooling …

The invasion of jum** worms, a small group of pheretimoid earthworm species from Asia,
has increasingly become an ecological, environmental and conservation issue in forest …

Many of the mechanisms used by active insects to maintain water balance are not available
to dormant individuals. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of dehydration tolerance …

Three acclimation groups [ie non-diapause (LD), diapause (SD) and diapause, cold-
acclimated (SDA)] of the adult bugs Pyrrhocoris apterus differed markedly in their levels of …

Many insect species live in the arctic and show a wide range of adaptations to its extreme
severity and seasonality. Long, cold winters are met, for example, by cold hardiness and …

Arctic terrestrial ecosystems are generally considered to be species poor, fragile and often
isolated. Nonetheless, their intricate complexity, especially that of the invertebrate …

Soil invertebrate survival in freezing temperatures has generally been considered in the light
of the physiological adaptations seen in surface living insects. These adaptations, notably …

Among vertebrates, only a few species of amphibians and reptiles tolerate the formation of
ice crystals in their body fluids. Freeze tolerance is much more widespread in invertebrates …

In Canada it is generally accepted that most indigenous earthworms did not survive
glaciation, and that the majority of the earthworms now inhabiting Canadian soils are …