Glioblastoma is a lethal brain cancer with treatment resistance stemming from its interactions
with the surrounding microenvironment and obstacles such as the blood–brain barrier …

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as an essential interface between central nervous system
(CNS) and its periphery, allowing selective permeation of ions, gaseous molecules, and …

Gene therapy has attracted much attention because of its unique mechanism of action, non-
toxicity, and good tolerance, which can kill cancer cells without damaging healthy tissues …

Over the past two decades, multidisciplinary investigations into the development of
nanoparticles for medical applications have continually increased. However, nanoparticles …

Surface bio‐engineering of polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) has emerged as a cornerstone
in contemporary biomedical research, presenting a transformative avenue that can …

Numerous studies are focused on nanoparticle penetration into the brain functionalizing
them with ligands useful to cross the blood–brain barrier. However, cell targeting is also …

Brain disorders are a prevalent and rapidly growing problem in the medical field as they
adversely affect the quality of life of a human. With an increase in life expectancy, it has been …

Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the brain. The postoperative recurrence rate
was high, and the 2-year survival rate only increased by 20%–25%. The reason is the blood …

Nanomedicine, an area which uses nanomaterials for theragnostic purposes, is advancing
rapidly, particularly in the detection and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The …

Inhibition to glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) propagation is a critical challenge in clinical
practice because binding of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) to caspase prevents …