Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a simple, straightforward, and versatile
form of atomic emission spectroscopy that focuses a rapidly-pulsed laser beam onto a …

Abstract The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover arrived at Mars in August 2012 with a
primary goal of characterizing the habitability of ancient and modern environments. Curiosity …

INTRODUCTION The primary goal of NASA's Curiosity rover mission is to explore and
quantitatively assess a local region on Mars' surface as a potential habitat for past or present …

INTRODUCTION Remote observational data suggest that large bodies of standing water
existed on the surface of Mars in its early history. This would have required a much wetter …

Abstract NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission, with its Curiosity rover, has been
exploring Gale crater (5.4° S, 137.8° E) since 2012 with the goal of assessing the potential of …

Precipitated minerals, including salts, are primary tracers of atmospheric conditions and
water chemistry in lake basins. Ongoing in situ exploration by the Curiosity rover of …

The SuperCam instrument on the Perseverance Mars 2020 rover uses a pulsed 1064 nm
laser to ablate targets at a distance and conduct laser induced breakdown spectroscopy …

Vera Rubin ridge (VRR) is an erosion‐resistant feature on the northwestern slope of Mount
Sharp in Gale crater, Mars, and orbital visible/shortwave infrared measurements indicate it …

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a rapidly develo** technique for
chemical materials analysis. LIBS is applied for fundamental investigations, eg, the laser …

The solution-mediated formation of calcium sulfate minerals, ie gypsum, anhydrite and
bassanite, is a common process in both natural and engineered settings. It plays a key role …