Brine (saline wastewater/water) from desalination, salt lakes, and industrial activities (eg,
pharmaceutical industries, oil & gas industries) has received a lot of attention around the …

Brine is a saline water present in the natural environment and produced by desalination and
other process industries such as the oil & gas, textile, leather, food, dairy, agriculture, and …

Brine, in the form of seawater, salt lakes and geothermal water, holds massive amounts of
valuable minerals. Among the variety of metallic and non-metallic elements that are …

The worldwide demand for lithium has greatly increased with the rapid development of
industries especially for lithium-ion battery. As the global potential resource, salt-lake brine …

The ocean has often been announced as a sustainable source of important materials for
civilization. Application of the same extraction processes to desalination concentrate, rather …

The challenge of brine disposal has sparked a lot of interest in advanced strategies for
valorizing them through freshwater and salt recovery. This research article examines the …

Lithium recovery from salt-lake brines is experiencing increasing demands due to rapid
growth in the manufacture of electric vehicles and electronics products. The development of …

Desalination is an energy intensive process requiring adequate pre-and post-treatment. The
novelty of this paper is that it jointly reviews the technologies for pre-treatment, desalination …

The pervasiveness of lithium-ion batteries in mobile electronics, hybrid and electric vehicles
has led to a dramatic expansion of the lithium product market. There is an urgent need to …

Lithium is a vital raw material used for a wide range of applications, such as the fabrication
of glass, ceramics, pharmaceuticals, and batteries for electric cars. The accelerating …