The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L., Hymenoptera: Apidae) is a species of crucial
economic, agricultural and environmental importance. In the last ten years, some regions of …

Varroa destructor is among the greatest biological threats to western honey bee (Apis
mellifera L.) health worldwide. Beekeepers routinely use chemical treatments to control this …

Background Recent declines in honey bees for crop pollination threaten fruit, nut, vegetable
and seed production in the United States. A broad survey of pesticide residues was …

The ectoparasitic honey bee mite Varroa destructor was originally confined to the Eastern
honey bee Apis cerana. After a shift to the new host Apis mellifera during the first half of the …

The parasitic mite Varroa destructor and the associated viruses it transmits are responsible
for most instances of honey bee colony losses in the United States. As such, beekeepers …

Until 1985 discussions of pesticides and honey bee toxicity in the USA were focused on
pesticides applied to crops and the unintentional exposure of foraging bees to them. The …

Since 2006, disastrous colony losses have been reported in Europe and North America. The
causes of the losses were not readily apparent and have been attributed to overwintering …

Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are the primary pollinators of major horticultural crops. Over the
last few decades, a substantial decline in honey bees and their colonies have been …

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Human activities produce contaminants, the amounts and toxicity of which often exceed the
environment's homeostatic capacity to cleanse itself. Hence, the systematic analysis and …