Molecular permeation through lipid membranes is a fundamental biological process that is
important for small neutral molecules and drug molecules. Precise characterization of free …

The amphipathic nature of the lipid molecule (hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails)
enables it to act as a barrier between fluids with various properties and to sustain an …

Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are bacterial membrane lipids that
are ubiquitous in the environment. Although the exact source organism is unknown, the …

Archaea are microorganisms more closely related to eukaryotes than bacteria. Almost 50
years after being defined as a new domain of life on earth, new species continue to be …

Phospholipids are major components of the cellular membranes present in all living
organisms. They typically form a lipid bilayer that embroiders the cell or cellular organelles …

Understanding the effect of mechanical stress on biological membranes is of fundamental
importance in biology since cells are known to perform their function under the effect of a …

The deep-sea is characterized by extreme conditions, such as high hydrostatic pressure
(HHP) and near-freezing temperature. Piezophiles, microorganisms adapted to high …

Drug and gene carrier vesicles (also referred to as controlled release systems) are
advanced dosage forms utilized for disease diagnosis, prevention, and cure. The design …

Rapid development of computer power during the last decade has made molecular
simulations of lipid bilayers feasible for many research groups, which, together with the …

Bipolar tetraether lipids (BTL) are abundant in archaea and can be chemically synthesized.
The structures of BTL are distinctly different from the lipids found in bacteria and eukaryotes …