Following the seminal discovery of insulin a century ago, treatment of individuals with type 1
diabetes (T1D) has been largely restricted to efforts to monitor and treat metabolic glucose …

With the conceptual advance about four decades ago that type 1 diabetes represents an
autoimmune disease, hope arose that immune-based therapies would soon emerge to …

Impaired chronic viral and tumor clearance has been attributed to CD8+ T cell exhaustion, a
differentiation state in which T cells have reduced and altered effector function that can be …

The clinical diagnosis of new-onset type 1 diabetes has, for many years, been considered
relatively straightforward. Recently, however, there is increasing awareness that within this …

Although most patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) retain some functional insulin-producing
islet β cells at the time of diagnosis, the rate of further β cell loss varies across individuals. It …

Cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes play a central role in the tissue destruction of many
autoimmune disorders. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), insulin and its precursor preproinsulin are …

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) presents with fever, inflammation
and pathology of multiple organs in individuals under 21 years of age in the weeks following …

Immune cells have been implicated in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), although their
phenotypes and effector mechanisms remain poorly understood. To better understand these …

The dynamic regulation of chromatin accessibility is one of the prominent characteristics of
eukaryotic genome. The inaccessible regions are mainly located in heterochromatin, which …

Background T1D is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic islets of Langerhans are
infiltrated by immune cells resulting in the specific destruction of insulin-producing islet beta …