Spatially continuous data of environmental variables are often required for environmental
sciences and management. However, information for environmental variables is usually …

Spatial interpolation methods have been applied to many disciplines. Many factors affect the
performance of the methods, but there are no consistent findings about their effects. In this …

Spatial continuous data (spatial continuous surfaces) play a significant role in planning, risk
assessment and decision making in environmental management. They are, however …

A factorial, computational experiment was conducted to compare the spatial interpolation
accuracy of ordinary and universal kriging and two types of inverse squared-distance …

Visualization of geospatial entities generally entails Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) that
are interpolated to establish three dimensional co-ordinates for the entire terrain. The …

The increase in digital soil map** around the world means that appropriate and efficient
sampling strategies are needed for validation. Data used for calibrating a digital soil …

The soil mantles the land, except where there is bare rock or ice, and it varies more or less
continuously. Many of its properties change continuously in time, too. We can measure the …

One of the most important scientific challenges of digital elevation modeling is the
development of numerical representations of large areas with a high resolution. Although …

Classical sampling theory has been repeatedly identified with classical statistics which
assumes that data are identically and independently distributed. This explains the switch of …

Inverse distance interpolation is a robust and widely used estimation technique. Variants of
kriging are often proposed as statistical techniques with superior mathematical properties …