The medial frontal cortex and adjacent orbitofrontal cortex have been the focus of
investigations of decision-making, behavioral flexibility, and social behavior. We review …

A defining aspect of brain organization is its spatial heterogeneity, which gives rise to
multiple topographies at different scales. Brain parcellation—defining distinct partitions in …

The controversial question of whether machines may ever be conscious must be based on a
careful consideration of how consciousness arises in the only physical system that …

The human brain atlases that allow correlating brain anatomy with psychological and
cognitive functions are in transition from ex vivo histology-based printed atlases to digital …

Subdivisions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) evolved at different times. Agranular parts of the
PFC emerged in early mammals, and rodents, primates, and other modern mammals share …

People are often aware of their mistakes, and report levels of confidence in their choices that
correlate with objective performance. These metacognitive assessments of decision quality …

The causal role of an area within a neural network can be determined by interfering with its
activity and measuring the impact. Many current reversible manipulation techniques have …

Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) carries a wealth of value-related information
necessary for regulating behavioral flexibility and persistence. It signals error and reward …

Abstract Language serves as a cornerstone of human cognition. However, our knowledge
about its neural basis is still a matter of debate, partly because 'language'is often ill-defined …

A sequence of images, sounds, or words can be stored at several levels of detail, from
specific items and their timing to abstract structure. We propose a taxonomy of five distinct …