Abstract 3D printing alias additive manufacturing can transform 3D virtual models created by
computer-aided design (CAD) into physical 3D objects in a layer-by-layer manner …

Osteoarthritis is a painful joint disease characterized by progressive degeneration of the
articular cartilage as well as associated changes to the subchondral bone, synovium, and …

The ability to print and pattern all the components that make up a tissue (cells and matrix
materials) in three dimensions to generate structures similar to tissues is an exciting …

Hyaline cartilage is the nonlinear, inhomogeneous, anisotropic, poro-viscoelastic connective
tissue that serves as friction-reducing and load-bearing cushion in synovial joints and is vital …

Painful degeneration of soft tissues accounts for high socioeconomic costs. Tissue
engineering aims to provide biomimetics recapitulating native tissues. Biocompatible …

Mechanical loading of joints plays a critical role in maintaining the health and function of
articular cartilage. The mechanism (s) of chondrocyte mechanotransduction are not fully …

Biodegradable scaffolds have played an important role in a number of tissue engineering
attempts over the past decade. The goal of this review article is to provide a brief overview of …

Emerging medical technologies for effective and lasting repair of articular cartilage include
delivery of cells or cell-seeded scaffolds to a defect site to initiate de novo tissue …

The repair of articular cartilage defects remains a significant challenge in orthopedic
medicine. Hydrogels, three-dimensional polymer networks swollen in water, offer a unique …

An osteoarthritis pandemic has accelerated exploration of various biomaterials for cartilage
reconstruction with a special emphasis on silk fibroin from mulberry (Bombyx mori) and non …