A third of the world's population uses solid fuel derived from plant material (biomass) or coal
for cooking, heating, or lighting. These fuels are smoky, often used in an open fire or simple …

The oral microbiome is an emerging field that has been a topic of discussion since the
development of next generation sequencing and the implementation of the human …

Background The study of microbial communities has been revolutionised in recent years by
the widespread adoption of culture independent analytical techniques such as 16S rRNA …

Streptococcus pneumoniae inflicts a huge disease burden as the leading cause of
community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis. Soon after mainstream antibiotic usage …

Evasion of clinical interventions by Streptococcus pneumoniae occurs through selection of
non-susceptible genomic variants. We report whole-genome sequencing of 3,085 …

Characterizing the genetic diversity of pathogens within the host promises to greatly improve
surveillance and reconstruction of transmission chains. For bacteria, it also informs our …

Many factors affect the microbiomes of humans, mice, and other mammals, but substantial
challenges remain in determining which of these factors are of practical importance …

A recent report warns that DNA extraction kits and other laboratory reagents are
considerable sources of contamination in microbiome experiments. The issue of …

Many bacterial species are composed of multiple lineages distinguished by extensive
variation in gene content. These often cocirculate in the same habitat, but the evolutionary …

Understanding how changes in antibiotic consumption affect the prevalence of antibiotic
resistance in bacterial pathogens is important for public health. In a number of bacterial …