Objective: Research and clinical translation in schizophrenia is limited by inconsistent
definitions of treatment resistance and response. To address this issue, the authors …

Background Studies regarding the impact of Parkinson's disease (PD) on quality of life
(QOL) have reported conflicting results, and the underlying QOL domains require further …

Objective: The dose-response relationships of antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia are not
well defined, but such information would be important for decision making by clinicians. The …

Background Clinical research affecting how doctors practice medicine is increasingly
sponsored by companies that make drugs and medical devices. Previous systematic …

Background The question of which antipsychotic drug should be preferred for the treatment
of schizophrenia is controversial, and conventional pairwise meta-analyses cannot provide …

Schizophrenia is the eighth leading cause of disability worldwide in people aged 15–44
years. Before antidopaminergic antipsychotics were introduced in the 1950s, no effective …

Antipsychotic medications can induce cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities (such as
obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and the metabolic syndrome) that are associated with …

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia remain a major therapeutic challenge. The progress in
the conceptualization and assessment is not yet fully reflected by treatment research …

Importance In treatment-resistant schizophrenia, clozapine is considered the standard
treatment. However, clozapine use has restrictions owing to its many adverse effects …

These updated guidelines are based on a first edition of the World Federation of Societies of
Biological Psychiatry Guidelines for Biological Treatment of Schizophrenia published in …