Large-scale production and use of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) have increased
the risk of human exposure to SiNPs, while their health effects remain unclear. In this review …

Air pollution leads to inhalation of several pulmonary stimulants that includes particulate
matter, and gaseous substances contributing significantly to the development of chronic lung …

Background: Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) formed from anthropogenic or biogenic
gaseous precursors in the atmosphere substantially contribute to the ambient fine particulate …

Engineered nanomaterials are of public health concern. Recently, there has been an
increasing attention on the toxicity of nanoplastics and nanoZnO because of their increasing …

The lung is an organ that is directly exposed to the external environment. Given the large
surface area and extensive ventilation of the lung, it is prone to exposure to airborne …

In vitro air–liquid interface (ALI) cell culture models can potentially be used to assess
inhalation toxicology endpoints and are usually considered, in terms of relevancy, between …

During the past few decades, the science of toxicology has been undergoing a
transformation from observational to predictive science. New approach methodologies …

The intranasal route has been receiving greater attention from the scientific community not
only for systemic drug delivery but also for the treatment of pulmonary and neurological …

Abstract Background Although ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are used in many commercial
products and the potential for human exposure is increasing, few in vivo studies have …

Zinc oxide nanoparticles are well-known metal oxide nanoparticles having numbers of
applications in the field of cosmetology, medicine, and chemistry. However, the number of …