Adaptation is driven by natural selection; however, many adaptations are caused by weak
selection acting over large timescales, complicating its study. Therefore, it is rarely possible …

ABSTRACT Hypothesis: Fluctuating asymmetry (FA)–random deviations from perfect
symmetry that are used as a measure of developmental stability–is an effective indicator of …

Anthropogenic CO2 emissions are inundating the upper ocean, acidifying the water, and
altering the habitat for marine phytoplankton. These changes are thought to be particularly …

Phenotypic plasticity can influence evolutionary change in a lineage, ranging from
facilitation of population persistence in a novel environment to directing the patterns of …

The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of fluctuating asymmetry in Pelophylax
ridibundus populations inhabiting the River of Sazliyka (southern Bulgaria), polluted with …

The relationship between pollution level in estuarine sediment and fluctuating asymmetry
(FA) of resident smooth toadfish Tetractenos glaber was evaluated. A total of 188 fish from …

Divergence in phenotypic traits is facilitated by a combination of natural selection,
phenotypic plasticity, gene flow, and genetic drift, whereby the role of drift is expected to be …

Eco‐evolutionary responses of natural populations to spatial environmental variation
strongly depend on the relative strength of environmental differences/natural selection and …

Phenotypically plastic changes in response to variation in perceived predation risk are
widespread, but little is known about if and how social environment modulates induced …

Declines of large predatory fish due to overexploitation are restructuring food webs across
the globe. It is now becoming evident that restoring these altered food webs requires …