Astrocytes serve important roles that affect recruitment and function of neurons at the local
and network levels. Here we review the contributions of astrocyte signaling to synaptic …

Nitric oxide (NO) works as a retrograde neurotransmitter in synapses, allows the brain blood
flow and also has important roles in intracellular signaling in neurons from the regulation of …

Neural plasticity, also known as neuroplasticity or brain plasticity, can be defined as the
ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli …

Spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity (STDP) is a leading cellular model for behavioral
learning and memory with rich computational properties. However, the relationship between …

Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are a family of lipid molecules that act as key regulators of
synaptic transmission and plasticity. They are synthetized “on demand” following …

In the mammalian brain information processing and storage rely on the complex coding and
decoding events performed by neuronal networks. These actions are based on the …

Arachidonic acid (AA), an n‐6 essential fatty acid, is a major component of mammalian cells
and can be released by phospholipase A2. Accumulating evidence indicates that AA plays …

Spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is a bidirectional form of synaptic plasticity
discovered about 30 years ago and based on the relative timing of pre-and post-synaptic …

Reactive astrocytes are associated with neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in diverse
neuropathologies; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We used optogenetic …

Research on glial cells over the past 30 years has confirmed the critical role of astrocytes in
pathophysiological brain states. However, most of our knowledge about astrocyte …