Peter Lindert inquires as to whether social policies that redistribute income impose
constraints on economic growth. Although taxes and transfers have been debated for …

This is a definitive and comprehensive history of international organizations from their very
beginning at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 up to the present day, and provides the reader …

Contrasts of economic security, involving, as they do, that, while some groups can organize
their lives on a settled plan with a reasonable confidence that the plan will be carried out …

Working Without Commitments offers a new understanding of the social and health impacts
of this change in the modern workplace, where outsourcing, limited term contracts, and the …

Does democracy encourage free trade? It depends. Broadening the franchise involves
transferring power from non-elected elites to the wider population, most of whom will be …

This article constructs new measures of worktime for Europe, North America, and Australia,
1870–1913. Great Britain began with the shortest work year and Belgium the longest. By …

At the start of the twentieth century, the modern metropolis was a riot of sensation. City
dwellers lived in an environment filled with smoky factories, crowded homes, and lively …

This article presents historical indices for the main dimensions of economic freedom and an
aggregate index for the developed countries of today, specifically pre‐1994 OECD …

5.1 Adoption of welfare programmes in European countries, 1890–1920 81 5.2
Consolidation of welfare states in 1920 84 5.3 Welfare states in 1930 86 5.4 Welfare states …

During the industrialization period, the rate of workplace‐related accidents increased.
Because of the lack of public insurance, mutual health insurance societies became the main …