Introduction Foot and ankle impact injury is common in geriatric trauma and often leads to
fracture of rearfoot, including calcaneus and talus. The objective of this study was to assess …

Abstract The Artificial Athlete (AA) and the Advanced Artificial Athlete (AAA) devices are the
two key test methods for the assessment of shock absorption (SA) and vertical deformation …

Purpose: To characterize, for the first time, the mechanical properties of treadmill surfaces
along with a practical interpretation of their influence on physiological and perceived …

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the changes in foot at different sole-
ground contact angles during forefoot running. This study tried to help forefoot runners better …

Changes in surface hardness are likely to alter an athlete's movement strategy. Anterior
cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk assessments that are performed on a different surface to …

Third generation artificial turf systems are comprised of a range of polymeric and elastomeric
materials that exhibit non-linear and strain rate dependent behaviours under the complex …

This study evaluates the tensile properties, including the tensile strength and elongation at
break, and dynamic behavior, including shock absorption and vertical deformation, of an …

Repeated impact loading during running is a risk factor in the etiology of overuse injuries.
Shock absorption can reflect the degree of force attenuation when the heel lands first during …

The aim of this study was to define a reliable and sensitive test method for assessing Shock
Absorption (SA), Vertical Deformation (VD), and Energy Restitution (ER) in treadmill …

Third generation (3G) artificial turf systems use in sporting applications is increasingly
prolific. These multi-component systems are comprised of a range of polymeric and …