During geomagnetic storm events, the highly variable solar wind energy input in the
magnetosphere significantly alters the structure of the Earth's upper atmosphere through the …

Using data from the three Swarm satellites, we study the ionospheric response to the intense
geomagnetic storm of June 22–23, 2015. With the minimum SYM-H excursion of− 207 nT …

During geomagnetic storms, the ionospheric F region electron density may be greatly
increased or decreased, which are termed positive storms or negative storms. It is generally …

Our objective is to review recent advances in ionospheric and thermospheric modeling that
aim at supporting space weather services. The emphasis is placed on achievements of …

During geomagnetic storms, ionospheric storms can be driven by several mechanisms.
Observations performed using ground-and space-based instruments were used to reveal …

The paper aims to review recent advances regarding the observational and monitoring
capabilities of the ionization conditions in the Earth's upper atmosphere. The analysis spans …

The distinctive spatial patterns of the ionosphere's total electron content (TEC) response to
solar, seasonal, diurnal, and geomagnetic influences are determined across the globe using …

A method for map** of ionospheric conditions over Europe, suitable to be used in real
time for operational applications, is described in this paper. The method is based on the …

The first-time statistical response of the positive and negative ionospheric storms phases
using Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) measurements during 70 geomagnetic storms …

This paper aims to introduce a new model for the short-term forecast of the vertical Total
Electron Content (vTEC). The basic idea of the proposed model lies on the concept of the …