Insects in agroecosystems contend with many stressors–eg, chemicals, heat, nutrient
deprivation–that are often encountered at low levels. Exposure to mild stress is now well …

Pesticides are noxious organic and inorganic compounds used to kill or restrict the
population expansion of harmful organisms. Pesticides have been used for a long period to …

The biphasic hormetic response to stress, defined by low-dose stimulation and high-dose
inhibition is frequently observed in insects. Various molecular and biochemical responses …

Insecticide induced-hormesis, a bi-phasic phenomenon characterized by low dose
stimulation and high dose inhibition following exposure to insecticide, is crucial to insect …

Imidacloprid is a largely commercialized neonicotinoid insecticide, and it is used effectively
against a variety of sap-sucking insect pests including melon aphid, Aphis gossypii. In this …

Systemic insecticides are used to control agricultural pests globally and their non-target
impact at non-lethal doses on beneficial arthropods has been recognized. We assessed the …

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are highly conserved multifunctional enzymes
that play crucial roles in insecticide resistance development. In this study, the molecular …

Conifers are of high economic importance due to their exploitation for timber, gardening and
landsca**, construction and paper, varnishes, adhesives and waterproof coatings …

Fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, is a serious invasive pest of many crops that
causes huge economic losses to agricultural commodities. Insecticides are employed for the …

Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens)(BPH) is a devastating migratory rice pest in
tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. Insecticide-induced population resurgence is a …