Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive therapeutic modality that has gained
great attention in the past years as a new therapy for cancer treatment. PDT uses …

Now more than ever, traditional healthcare models are being overhauled with digital
technologies of Healthcare 4.0 increasingly adopted. Worldwide, digital devices are …

Electrical stimulation is a promising method to modulate gastrointestinal disorders. However,
conventional stimulators need invasive implantation and removal surgeries associated with …

Helicobacter pylori is the major component of the gastric microbiome of infected individuals
and one of the aetiological factors of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric …

Capsule endoscopy is a procedure that uses a tiny wireless camera inside a capsule
endoscope to capture pictures of the patient's gastrointestinal tract for diagnosis …

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a powerful tool for medical screening and diagnosis,
where a small capsule is swallowed and moved by means of natural peristalsis and gravity …

Since the advent of ingestible temperature sensors and capsule endoscopes, rapid
advances in electronics, robotics, nanotechnology, and material sciences have opened the …

Minimally invasive procedures assisted by soft robots for surgery, diagnostics, and drug
delivery have unprecedented benefits over traditional solutions from both patient and …

In the twenty-first century, the collaboration of control engineering and the healthcare sector
has matured to some extent; however, the future will have promising opportunities, vast …

The field of electroceuticals has attracted considerable attention over the past few decades
as a novel therapeutic modality. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract (GIT) holds significant …