In this narrative review we evaluate foundational biomechanical theories of human foot
function in light of new data acquired with technology that was not available to early …

Over the past 50 years our understanding of the central role that muscle motion has in
powering movement has accelerated significantly. Fundamental to this progress has been …

The human foot is a complex structure that plays an important role in our capacity for upright
locomotion. Comparisons of our feet with those of our closest extinct and extant relatives …

The original windlass mechanism describes a one-to-one coupling between metatarsal joint
dorsiflexion and medial longitudinal arch rise. The description assumes a sufficiently stiff …

When humans walk on slopes, the ankle, knee, and hip joints modulate their mechanical
work to accommodate the mechanical demands. Yet, it is unclear if the foot modulates its …

Background Previous research shows kinematic and kinetic coupling between the
metatarsophalangeal (MTP) and midtarsal joints during gait. Studying the effects of MTP …

This study aims to quantify how habitual foot strike patterns would affect ankle kinetics and
the behavior and mechanics of the medial gastrocnemius–tendon unit (MTU) during …

The human foot is considered to be morphologically adapted for habitual bipedal
locomotion. However, how the mobility and mechanical interaction of the human foot with …

Modern human feet are considered unique among primates in their capacity to transmit
propulsive forces and re-use elastic energy. Considered central to both these capabilities …

Background Foot kinematics, such as excessive eversion and malalignment of the hindfoot,
are believed to be associated with running-related injuries. The majority of studies to date …