Although seagrasses and marine macroalgae (macro‐autotrophs) play critical ecological
roles in reef, lagoon, coastal and open‐water ecosystems, their response to ocean …

Seaweeds are ecologically important primary producers, competitors, and ecosystem
engineers that play a central role in coastal habitats ranging from kelp forests to coral reefs …

The Ocean plays a central role in Earth's climate and has absorbed 93% of the extra energy
from the enhanced greenhouse effect and approximately 30% of anthropogenic carbon …

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of marine heatwaves. A recent
extreme warming event (2014–2016) of unprecedented magnitude and duration in the …

Ocean ecosystems have responded and will continue to respond to climate changes of
different rates, magnitudes, and durations (virtually certain). Human societies depend on …

Over the next century, elevated quantities of atmospheric CO 2 are expected to penetrate
into the oceans, causing a reduction in pH (− 0.3/− 0.4 pH unit in the surface ocean) and in …

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 1419–1434 Abstract Ocean acidification is a pervasive stressor
that could affect many marine organisms and cause profound ecological shifts. A variety of …

Little doubt is left that climate change is underway, strongly affecting the Earth's biodiversity.
Some of the greatest challenges ahead concern the marine realm, but it is unclear to what …

Potential for, and limits to, adaptation to environmental changes are critical for resilience and
risk mitigation. The Mediterranean basin is a mosaic of biodiversity‐rich ecosystems long …

Coralline algae are globally distributed benthic primary producers that secrete calcium
carbonate skeletons. In the context of ocean acidification, they have received much recent …