Natural hazards (NH), such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and severe
tropospheric weather events, generate acoustic and gravity waves that propagate upward …

Abstract On 15 January 2022, the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai submarine volcano erupted
violently and triggered a giant atmospheric shock wave and tsunami. The exact mechanism …

We review observations on the coupling between Earth's surface disturbances and the
upper atmosphere. In particular, we focus on the upper atmospheric responses to …

This paper investigates the local and global ionospheric responses to the 2022 Tonga
volcano eruption, using ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System total electron …

Tsunami waves propagating across long distances in the open-ocean can induce
atmospheric gravity waves by dynamic coupling at the surface. In the period range 10 to 20 …

Coseismic disturbances in ionosphere have been observed after recent thrust earthquakes
off the Pacific coast of Japan, with a dense Global Positioning System array. Positive pulses …

We investigate the form and dynamics of shock-acoustic waves generated by earthquakes.
We use the method for detecting and locating the sources of ionospheric impulsive …

We provide here a preliminary analysis of the ionospheric perturbations observed after the
11 March 2011 Tohoku Earthquake using a GPS-derived Total Electron Content (TEC) …

Since 1960, experiments have shown that perturbations of the ionosphere can occur after
earthquakes, by way of dynamic coupling between seismic surface waves and the …

Global Positioning System (GPS) allows the detection of ionospheric disturbances
associated with the vertical displacements of most of the major shallow seismic events. We …