Electrical activity in neurons requires a seamless functional coupling between
plasmalemmal ion channels and ion transporters. Although ion channels have been studied …

Status epilepticus is a life-threatening neurological emergency that affects both adults and
children. Approximately 36% of episodes of status epilepticus do not respond to the current …

The GABA A receptors are the major inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in mammalian
brain. Each isoform consists of five homologous or identical subunits surrounding a central …

The structure-guided design of chloride-conducting channelrhodopsins has illuminated
mechanisms underlying ion selectivity of this remarkable family of light-activated ion …

Lateral interactions in the outer retina, particularly negative feedback from horizontal cells to
cones and direct feed-forward input from horizontal cells to bipolar cells, play a number of …

Optogenetic silencing using light-driven ion fluxes permits rapid and effective inhibition of
neural activity. Using rodent hippocampal neurons, we found that silencing activity with a …

Status epilepticus is defined as a state of unrelenting seizure activity. Generalized
convulsive status epilepticus is associated with a rapidly rising mortality rate, and thus …

The membrane responses upon activation of GABA (A) receptors critically depend on the
intracellular Cl− concentration ([Cl−] i), which is maintained by a set of transmembrane …

In contrast to pain processing neurons in the spinal cord, where the importance of chloride
conductances is already well established, chloride homeostasis in primary afferent neurons …

Objective A pathological excitatory action of the major inhibitory neurotransmitter γ‐
aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been observed in epilepsy. Blocking the Cl− importer NKCC1 …