History of mankind is regarded as struggle against infectious diseases. Rather than
observing the withering away of bacterial diseases, antibiotic resistance has emerged as a …

The widespread use of antibiotics results in the generation of antibiotic concentration
gradients in humans, livestock and the environment. Thus, bacteria are frequently exposed …

Integrons are versatile gene acquisition systems commonly found in bacterial genomes.
They are ancient elements that are a hot spot for genomic complexity, generating phenotypic …

Horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in microbial evolution, allowing microbes to
acquire new genes and phenotypes. Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs, aka …

Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are a diverse group of mobile genetic elements
found in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These elements primarily reside in …

Mobile genetic elements have a crucial role in spreading antibiotic resistance genes among
bacterial populations. Environmental and genetic factors that regulate conjugative transfer of …

Integrons recombine gene arrays and favor the spread of antibiotic resistance. Their broader
roles in bacterial adaptation remain mysterious, partly due to lack of computational tools. We …

Chloramphenicol (Cm) and its fluorinated derivative florfenicol (Ff) represent highly potent
inhibitors of bacterial protein biosynthesis. As a consequence of the use of Cm in human …

Integrons are assembly platforms—DNA elements that acquire open reading frames
embedded in exogenous gene cassettes and convert them to functional genes by ensuring …

Horizontal transfer of genomic islands (GEIs), that is, chromosomal regions encoding
functions that can be advantageous for the host, plays a key role in bacterial evolution, but …