Abstract The 2019/20 Black Summer bushfire disaster in southeast Australia was
unprecedented: the extensive area of forest burnt, the radiative power of the fires, and the …

Over the modern satellite era, substantial climatic changes have been observed in the
Antarctic, including atmospheric and oceanic warming, ice sheet thinning and a general …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Central Chile, home to more than 10 million inhabitants, has experienced an uninterrupted
sequence of dry years since 2010 with mean rainfall deficits of 20–40%. The so-called Mega …

Abstract The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the leading mode of extratropical Southern
Hemisphere climate variability, associated with changes in the strength and position of the …

Climate-driven changes in biotic interactions can profoundly alter ecological communities,
particularly when they impact foundation species. In marine systems, changes in herbivory …

Recent ice loss from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet has been caused by ocean melting of ice
shelves in the Amundsen Sea. Eastward wind anomalies at the shelf break enhance the …

Time series now have sufficient duration to determine harmful algal bloom (HAB) responses
to changing climate conditions, including warming, stratification intensity, freshwater inputs …

Abstract In the period 2015–2017, the Western Cape region has suffered from three
consecutive years of below average rainfall—leading to a prolonged drought and acute …

Editors note: For easy download the posted pdf of the Explaining Extreme Events of 2016 is
a very low-resolution file. A high-resolution copy of the report is available by clicking. Please …