A dramatic increase in user and capacity demands has been noted after the COVID-19
pandemic. These challenges have damaged the 5G communication system mobility …

In this paper, the integrated free‐space optics (FSO) and fiber optic model is evaluated using
new radio (NR) sub‐THz link to sustain next generation 5G capacity. The proposed …

Next-generation cloud radio access networks (C-RANs) are anticipated to provide multi-
Gbps data rate transmission and ultra-high bandwidth capacity, which is one of the key …

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are anticipated to be one of the key technologies for the
next decade and their deployment can benefit from the recent developments in the domain …

Radio-over-fiber (RoF) links successfully provide high data rates and bandwidth capacity
with a low complexity system architecture, as compared to its counterpart digital-RoF. In …

Enhanced bandwidth issues for 5G system are fruitfully resolved by organizing free space
optics (FSO) communication frameworks. The high bandwidth, the maximum number of …

High capacity long haul communication and cost-effective solutions for low loss transmission
are the major advantages of optical fibers, which makes them a promising solution to be …

Nonlinear effects in the optical transmission systems (OTSs) are considered as the major
performance limiting factor to provide high transmission rates over ultra-long distances. As …

Optical transmission networks (OTxNs) provide a cost‐effective solution towards ultrahigh
data intercontinental transmission. However, nonlinear effects such as four‐wave mixing …

Transmission of ultrahigh data rates through fiber optics networks (FONs) over long
transmission distances in an intensity‐dependent refractive index medium suffers from …