Human beings differ in their socioeconomic status (SES), with accompanying differences in
physical and mental health as well as cognitive ability. Although SES has long been used as …

A growing literature has shown associations between socioeconomic disadvantage and
neural properties (such as brain structure and function). In this review, we aimed to …

Although early-life adversity can undermine healthy development, children growing up in
harsh environments may develop intact, or even enhanced, skills for solving problems in …

The human brain grows quickly during infancy and early childhood, but factors influencing
brain maturation in this period remain poorly understood. To address this gap, we …

The amygdala is composed of multiple nuclei with unique functions and connections in the
limbic system and to the rest of the brain. However, standard in vivo neuroimaging tools to …

On average, psychological variables are often statistically different in people living in poverty
compared with people living in affluence. The default academic response to this pattern is …

Abstract In the United States, over 40% of youth under the age of 18 live at or near the
federal poverty line. Several decades of research have established clear links between …

It is well established that people living in adverse conditions tend to score lower on a variety
of social and cognitive tests. However, recent research shows that people may also develop …

Current theories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) propose that memory abnormalities
are central to the development and persistence of symptoms. While the most notable …

There has been significant progress in understanding the effects of childhood poverty on
neurocognitive development. This progress has captured the attention of policymakers and …