[HTML][HTML] Common viral and bacterial avian respiratory infections: an updated review

N Yehia, HM Salem, Y Mahmmod, D Said, M Samir… - Poultry science, 2023‏ - Elsevier
Many pathogens that cause chronic diseases in birds use the respiratory tract as a primary
route of infection, and respiratory disorders are the main leading source of financial losses in …

A brief summary of the epidemiology and genetic relatedness of avian influenza H9N2 virus in birds and mammals in the Middle East and North Africa

A Nagy, TC Mettenleiter, EM Abdelwhab - Epidemiology & Infection, 2017‏ - cambridge.org
H9N2 is the most widespread avian influenza virus subtype in poultry worldwide. It infects a
broad spectrum of host species including birds and mammals. Infections in poultry and …

[HTML][HTML] Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

S Marouf, MA Khalf, M Alorabi, AM El-Shehawi… - Poultry science, 2022‏ - Elsevier
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a worldwide ruined bacteria affecting different avian
species, causing severe economic losses. Consequently, the current research sought to …

Avian respiratory coinfection and impact on avian influenza pathogenicity in domestic poultry: field and experimental findings

A Samy, MM Naguib - Veterinary sciences, 2018‏ - mdpi.com
The avian respiratory system hosts a wide range of commensal and potential pathogenic
bacteria and/or viruses that interact with each other. Such interactions could be either …

Experimental co-infection of infectious bronchitis and low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 viruses in commercial broiler chickens

KE Hassan, A Ali, SAS Shany, MF El-Kady - Research in veterinary science, 2017‏ - Elsevier
In this study, commercial broilers were experimentally infected with single (classical IBV,
variant IBV or AIV-H9N2) or mixed AIV-H9N2 with classical, variant or vaccine strains of IBV …

Avian influenza H9N2 subtype in Ghana: virus characterization and evidence of co-infection

JA Awuni, A Bianco, OJ Dogbey, A Fusaro… - Avian …, 2019‏ - Taylor & Francis
ABSTRACT Between November 2017 and February 2018, Ghanaian poultry producers
reported to animal health authorities a dramatic increase in mortality rate and a relevant …

Enhanced infection of avian influenza virus H9N2 with infectious laryngeotracheitis vaccination in chickens

N Arafat, AH Eladl, BH Marghani, MA Saif… - Veterinary …, 2018‏ - Elsevier
Avian influenza and infectious laryngeotracheitis viruses are common causes of respiratory
diseases in chickens with economical importance worldwide. In this study, we investigated …

Improved subty** of avian influenza viruses using an RT-qPCR-based low density array:'Riems Influenza a Ty** Array', version 2 (RITA-2)

KE Hassan, AK Ahrens, A Ali, MF El-Kady, HM Hafez… - Viruses, 2022‏ - mdpi.com
Avian influenza virus (AIV) variants emerge frequently, which challenges rapid diagnosis.
Appropriate diagnosis reaching the sub-and pathotype level is the basis of combatting …

[HTML][HTML] Comparative efficacy of commercial inactivated Newcastle disease virus vaccines against Newcastle disease virus genotype VII in broiler chickens

ME Sedeik, AR Elbestawy, NA El-Shall… - Poultry science, 2019‏ - Elsevier
Newcastle disease is still causing huge economic losses and devastating outbreaks in
poultry flocks despite implementation of extensive vaccination programs. Five commercial …

[HTML][HTML] Challenge for one health: co-circulation of zoonotic H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza viruses in Egypt

SH Kim - Viruses, 2018‏ - mdpi.com
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses are currently endemic in poultry in
Egypt. Eradication of the viruses has been unsuccessful due to improper application of …