In traditional metals, the temperature (T) dependence of electrical resistivity vanishes at low
or high T, albeit for different reasons. Here, we review a class of materials, known as …

Metal-insulator transitions are accompanied by huge resistivity changes, even over tens of
orders of magnitude, and are widely observed in condensed-matter systems. This article …

NATURE abounds with phase transitions. The boiling and freezing of water are everyday
examples of phase transitions, as are more exotic processes such as superconductivity and …

The last decade witnessed significant progress in angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy (ARPES) and its applications. Today, ARPES experiments with 2-meV energy …

Recent interest in aspects common to quantum information and condensed matter has
prompted a flurry of activity at the border of these disciplines that were far distant until a few …

We present an experimental review of the nature of the pseudogap in the cuprate
superconductors. Evidence from various experimental techniques points to a common …

The appearance of the Planckian time τ Pl= ℏ/k BT is reviewed in both conventional and
unconventional metals. A pedagogical discussion of the various different timescales …

We review results concerning the critical behavior of spin systems at equilibrium. We
consider the Ising and the general O (N)-symmetric universality classes, including the N→ 0 …

The theory of second-order phase transitions is one of the foundations of modern statistical
mechanics and condensed-matter theory. A central concept is the observable order …

A quantum system can undergo a continuous phase transition at the absolute zero of
temperature as some parameter entering its Hamiltonian is varied. These transitions are …