Abstract The Southern Ocean is a critical component of the global climate system and an
important ecoregion that contains a diverse range of interdependent flora and fauna. It also …

Abstract The Southern Ocean, although relatively understudied owing to its harsh
environment and geographical isolation, has been shown to contribute substantially to …

Climate change is expected to elicit widespread alterations to nutrient and light supply,
which interact to influence phytoplankton growth and their seasonal cycles. Using 25 years …

Residual macronutrients in the surface Southern Ocean result from restricted biological
utilization, caused by low wintertime irradiance, cold temperatures, and insufficient …

Over the last decade, advanced statistical inference and machine learning have been used
to fill the gaps in sparse surface ocean CO2 measurements (Rödenbeck et al., 2015). The …

In recent years, phytoplankton phenology has been proposed as an indicator to monitor
systematically the state of the pelagic ecosystem and to detect changes triggered by …

Phytoplankton biomass exhibits substantial year-to-year changes, and understanding these
changes is crucial to fisheries management and projecting future climate. These annual …

The ocean chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration is an important variable in the marine
environment, the abnormal distribution of which is closely related to the hazards of red tides …

Phytoplankton bloom phenology has important consequences for marine ecosystems and
fisheries. Recent studies have used remotely sensed ocean color data to calculate metrics …

The Southern Ocean (44–75° S) plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle, yet remains
one of the most poorly sampled ocean regions. Different approaches have been used to …