Abstract MCP-1 (Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), also known as Chemokine (CC-motif)
ligand 2 (CCL2), is from family of CC chemokines. It has a vital role in the process of …

Aging of the brain can manifest itself as a memory and cognitive decline, which has been
shown to frequently coincide with changes in the structural plasticity of dendritic spines …

There is significant interest in understanding inflammatory responses within the brain and
spinal cord. Inflammatory responses that are centralized within the brain and spinal cord are …

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder and the most common
type of dementia (60–80% of cases). In 2016, nearly 44 million people were affected by AD …

In the last two decades, numerous in vitro studies demonstrated that insulin receptors and
theirs downstream pathways are widely distributed throughout the brain. This evidence has …

The number of bacterial cells living within the human body is approximately equal to, or
greater than, the total number of human cells. This dynamic population of microorganisms …

Neuroinflammation is central to the common pathology of several acute and chronic brain
diseases. This review examines the consequences of excessive and prolonged …

Over the past few decades, research on Alzheimer's disease (AD) has focused on
pathomechanisms linked to two of the major pathological hallmarks of extracellular …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder that affects the
elderly. The increase of lifeexpectancy is transforming AD into a major health-care problem …

Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system that help nourish and
support neurons, clear debris, and respond to foreign stimuli. Greatly impacted by their …