The social sciences often fail to examine in any systematic way the nature of their subject
matter. Demonstrating that this is a central explanation of the widely acknowledged failings …

A certain kind of talk is ubiquitous among both philosophers and so-called" ordinary people":
talk of one phenomenon generating or giving rise to another, or talk of one phenomenon …

How consciousness appeared much earlier in evolutionary history than is commonly
assumed, and why all vertebrates and perhaps even some invertebrates are conscious …

People are minded creatures; we have thoughts, feelings and emotions. More intriguingly,
we grasp our own mental states, and conduct the business of ascribing them to ourselves …

I first met Wolfgang Yourgrau in the spring of 1950 at a philosophical congress held at the
University of Cape Town. The congress, which was said to be the first of its kind ever held in …

Is the world hierarchically arranged, incorporating'levels' of reality? What is the nature of
objects and properties? What does' realism'about ordinary objects or states of mind …

The term 'emergence'often causes confusion in science and philosophy, as it is used to
express at least two quite different concepts. We can label these concepts strong emergence …

Conscious experience presents a deep puzzle. On the one hand, a fairly robust materialism
must be true in order to explain how it is that conscious events causally interact with non …

The world appears to contain diverse kinds of objects and systems—planets, tornadoes,
trees, ant colonies, and human persons, to name but a few—characterized by distinctive …

The concept of supervenience has been employed for a variety of purposes in philosophy, a
rather dominant tendency since the early 1970's has been to invoke it in efforts to articulate a …