Converting waste heat from solar radiation and industrial processes into usable electricity
remains a challenge due to limitations of traditional thermoelectrics. In this review, ionic …

Lignin, a complex phenolic polymer abundantly present in the papermaking and biofuel
industries, stands out as a cost-effective, plentiful, and non-toxic material. In recent years …

Ionic thermoelectric materials show great significance for wearable energy devices, owing to
the capability of the conversion between thermal and electrical energy. The two-dimensional …

Conductive hydrogels have promising applications for flexible strain sensors. However, most
hydrogels have poor tensile strength and are susceptible to damage, significantly impeding …

Ionic thermoelectric (i-TE) hydrogels have a high thermal energy utilization rate for low-
grade heat, presenting a renewable energy supply option for sustainable global …

Conventional fertilizers face environmental and economic challenges due to their high
solubility, leading to significant losses via runoff and leachate. This study presents a …

Harvesting low‐grade waste heat into electrical energy is recognized as a promising
solution for sustainable energy supply. In parallel, thermotropic smart windows have …

The development of biomaterials tailored for various tissue engineering applications has
been increasingly researched in recent years; however, stimulating cells to synthesise the …

The energy consumption has always been core concerns for modern economic society.
However, industrial processes, automotive exhaust, and biological activities all emit a …

Many studies are still limited to focusing on the primary structure of biomass
macromolecules, ignoring the impact of the multi-level structure of macromolecules and their …