Uranus and Neptune are the least-explored planets in our Solar System. This paper
summarizes mysteries about these incredibly intriguing planets and their environments …

Collisionless shock nonstationarity arising from microscale physics influences shock
structure and particle acceleration mechanisms. Nonstationarity has been difficult to quantify …

We study diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) of electrons in nonrelativistic quasi-
perpendicular shocks using self-consistent one-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. By …

We present the first laboratory generation of high-Mach-number magnetized collisionless
shocks created through the interaction of an expanding laser-driven plasma with a …

Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous in the Universe and often associated with a strong
magnetic field. Here, we use large-scale particle-in-cell simulations of nonrelativistic …

The terrestrial bow shock is the boundary where supersonic solar wind slows down abruptly
near the magnetopause. The shock front geometry could be modulated by surface waves to …

We present the first laboratory observations of time-resolved electron and ion velocity
distributions in magnetized collisionless shock precursors. Thomson scattering of a probe …

Shock parameters at Earth's bow shock in rare instances can approach the Mach numbers
predicted at supernova remnants. We present our analysis of a high Alfvén Mach number …

Recent laboratory experiments with laser-produced plasmas have observed and studied a
number of fundamental physical processes relevant to magnetized astrophysical plasmas …

Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous throughout the universe: around stars, supernova
remnants, active galactic nuclei, binary systems, comets, and planets. Key information is …