Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role in health and disease, as they regulate gut
homeostasis and their deficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of several disorders …

The prevalence of obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) has been consistently increasing
worldwide. Sharing powerful genetic and environmental features in their pathogenesis …

The gut microbiota is now considered as one of the key elements contributing to the
regulation of host health. Virtually all our body sites are colonised by microbes suggesting …

Gut bacteria play an important role in the digestion of food, immune activation, and
regulation of entero-endocrine signaling pathways, but also communicate with the central …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by tissue-specific insulin resistance and
pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which result from the interplay of local abnormalities within …

Postbiotics are non-viable bacterial products or metabolic byproducts produced by probiotic
microorganisms that have biologic activity in the host. Postbiotics are functional bioactive …

Akkermansia muciniphila is a Gram-negative anaerobic mucus-layer-degrading bacterium
that colonizes the intestinal mucosa of humans and rodents. Metagenomic data have shown …

Cognitive function in humans depends on the complex and interplay between multiple body
systems, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The gut microbiota, which …

The role of the intestinal microbiota as a regulator of gut-brain axis signalling has risen to
prominence in recent years. Understanding the relationship between the gut microbiota, the …

Emerging evidence indicates that gut microbiota is important in the regulation of brain
activity and cognitive functions. Microbes mediate communication among the metabolic …