Facultative, heritable endosymbionts are found at intermediate prevalence within most
insect species, playing frequent roles in their hosts' defence against environmental …

Sympatric populations of insects adapted to different host plants, ie, host races, are good
models to investigate how natural selection can promote speciation in the face of ongoing …

Few insects can match the ecological flexibility of aphids with their range of environmentally
and genetically determined phenotypes (Williams and Dixon, Chapter 3 this volume). They …

Animal‐associated microbiomes are often comprised of structured, multispecies
communities, with particular microbes showing trends of co‐occurrence or exclusion. Such …

Adaptation to different resources has the potential to cause rapid species diversification, but
few studies have been able to quantify the time scale of recent adaptive radiations. The pea …

Bacterial endosymbionts that associate facultatively with insect herbivores can influence
insect fitness and trophic interactions. The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, can be …

A major goal in evolutionary biology is to uncover the genetic basis of adaptation. Divergent
selection exerted on ecological traits may result in adaptive population differentiation and …

Many microbial symbionts have multiple phenotypic consequences for their animal hosts.
However, the ways in which different symbiont-mediated phenotypes combine to affect …

Background Many animals exhibit variation in resistance to specific natural enemies. Such
variation may be encoded in their genomes or derived from infection with protective …

Asexuality confers demographic advantages to invasive taxa, but generally limits adaptive
potential for colonizing of new habitats. Therefore, pre‐existing adaptations and habitat …