Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signals from quartz can be used to determine when
sedimentary archives were deposited. OSL dating uses the accumulation of energy stored in …

All Quaternary dating methods involve the measurement of one or more variables to
estimate the age of a sample. Each measured quantity has an associated error and …

The conceptual ability to source, combine, and store substances that enhance technology or
social practices represents a benchmark in the evolution of complex human cognition …

South Africa and Lesotho (SAL) have been inhabited by tool-producing hominins for at least
two million years. Most of the information we have about the activities and technological …

A decade ago, we summarised the South African and Lesotho Stone Age technocomplex
sequence as a heuristic exercise, anchored in 242 dated assemblages (Lombard et al …

Neandertals are the best-studied of all extinct hominins, with a rich fossil record sampling
hundreds of individuals, roughly dating from between 350,000 and 40,000 years ago. Their …

The expansion of modern human populations in Africa 80,000 to 60,000 years ago and their
initial exodus out of Africa have been tentatively linked to two phases of technological and …

Africa's Middle Stone Age (MSA) may have lasted almost half a million years, but its earliest
expression is not yet well understood. The MSA is best known for innovations that appear in …

The archaeological record of Africa provides the earliest evidence for the emergence of the
complex symbolic and technological behaviours that characterize Homo sapiens,,,,,–. The …

Luminescence from quartz is commonly used in retrospective dosimetry, in particular for the
dating of archaeological materials and sediments from the Quaternary period. The …