Chloroplasts are the organelles that define plants, and they are responsible for
photosynthesis as well as numerous other functions. They are the ancestral members of a …

Photosystem II (PSII) is an integral-membrane, multisubunit complex that initiates electron
flow in oxygenic photosynthesis. The biogenesis of this complex machine involves the …

Chloroplast function is orchestrated by the organelle's intricate architecture. By combining
cryo-focused ion beam milling of vitreous Chlamydomonas cells with cryo-electron …

Microalgae are emerging platforms for production of a suite of compounds targeting several
markets, including food, nutraceuticals, green chemicals, and biofuels. Many of these …

Thylakoids of land plants have a bipartite structure, consisting of cylindrical grana stacks,
made of membranous discs piled one on top of the other, and stroma lamellae which are …

Photosynthetic organisms are continuously subjected to changes in light quantity and
quality, and must adjust their photosynthetic machinery so that it maintains optimal …

Biological carbon fixation is a key step in the global carbon cycle that regulates the
atmosphere's composition while producing the food we eat and the fuels we burn …

Membrane remodeling and repair are essential for all cells. Proteins that perform these
functions include Vipp1/IM30 in photosynthetic plastids, PspA in bacteria, and ESCRT-III in …

The ability of photosystem (PS) II to catalyze the light-driven oxidation of water comes along
with its vulnerability to oxidative damage, in particular of the D1 core subunit …

Oxygenic photosynthesis evolved billions of years ago, becoming Earth's main source of
biologically available carbon and atmospheric oxygen. Since then, phototrophic organisms …