Microbes can be an important source of phenotypic plasticity in insects. Insect physiology,
behaviour, and ecology are influenced by individual variation in the microbial communities …

1. Many insects host secondary bacterial symbionts that are known to have wide‐ranging
effects on their hosts, from host‐plant use to resistance against natural enemies. This has …

Understanding the coevolution of hosts and parasites is a long‐standing goal of
evolutionary biology. There is a well‐developed theoretical framework to describe the …

Microorganisms that reside within or transmit through arthropod reproductive tissues have
profound impacts on host reproduction, health and evolution. In this Review, we discuss …

Aphids are frequently engaged in mutualistic associations with endosymbionts. Symbionts
are bacterial or fungal microorganisms that can be obligate or facultative to aphids …

Intraspecific variation in dietary breadth can influence important ecological and evolutionary
processes, yet the mechanisms generating this variation are usually unknown. Maternally …

Ecologically important traits of insects are often affected by facultative bacterial
endosymbionts. This is best studied in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, which is …

Highlights•Hamiltonella defensa is a bacterial symbiont protecting aphids against
parasitoids.•APSE viruses infect H. defensa and play key roles in the defensive …

1. Infection by the bacterial endosymbiont Hamiltonella defensa is capable of protecting the
pea aphid from parasitism by Aphidius ervi and the black bean aphid from parasitism by …

Facultative, heritable endosymbionts are found at intermediate prevalence within most
insect species, playing frequent roles in their hosts' defence against environmental …