Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost
ecosystems release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Understanding how much …

The cycling of major nutrients in the ocean is affected by large-scale phytoplankton blooms,
which are hot spots of microbial life. Diverse microbial interactions regulate bloom dynamics …

Mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation drive much of the variation in
productivity across Earth's terrestrial ecosystems but do not explain variation in gross …

Photochemical and biological degradation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and their
interactions jointly contribute to the carbon dioxide released from surface waters in …

Abstract Changes in stratospheric ozone and climate over the past 40-plus years have
altered the solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation conditions at the Earth's surface. Ozone depletion …

Terrestrial organisms and ecosystems are being exposed to new and rapidly changing
combinations of solar UV radiation and other environmental factors because of ongoing …

Northern ecosystems are experiencing some of the most dramatic impacts of global change
on Earth. Rising temperatures, hydrological intensification, changes in atmospheric acid …

Numerous international governmental agencies that steer policy assume that polystyrene
persists in the environment for millennia. Here, we show that polystyrene is completely …

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to the atmosphere from running waters are estimated to be
four times greater than the total carbon (C) flux to the oceans. However, these fluxes remain …

Although most organic matter (OM) in soil is mineralized by microorganisms, the
nonmicrobial processes, eg, Fenton reactions and photo-degradation, strongly contribute to …