The potential consequences for mankind could be disastrous due to global warming, which
arises from an increase in the average temperature on Earth. The elevation in temperature …

The thought of harnessing renewable energy sources that are both inexpensive and
environmentally friendly has fueled the development of biorefineries for a sustainable …

Paddy fields are hotspots of microbial denitrification, which is typically linked to the oxidation
of electron donors such as methane (CH4) under anoxic and hypoxic conditions. While …

MnO2 is a good catalyst due to its various crystal structures and oxidative valence states.
The relationship between the surface structure and activity of MnO2 at low temperatures has …

Coastal wetland ecosystems play a key role in the global carbon cycle and climate
mitigation. The land conversion of coastal wetlands to paddy fields, an increasingly common …

In recent years, the arctic tundra has been subject to more frequent stochastic biotic or
extreme weather events (causing plant dieback) and warmer summer air temperatures …

Permafrost soils store vast amounts of organic carbon, and their thawing due to climate
warming accelerates the release of carbon as methane and carbon dioxide, exacerbating …

The high Arctic region of Svalbard has undergone significant landscape transformations due
to accelerated deglaciation driven by climate warming. The expansion of exposed soil …

Phototrophic biofilms (PBs) are commonly found in the sediment/soil–water interface of
paddy soils and have a significant impact on carbon cycles. However, the specific carbon …

Flexible electronics have been extensively explored for health monitoring and soft robotics.
However, conventional hydrogels are inevitably frozen in polar environments and easily …