There is a long-standing paradox that NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptors (NMDARs)
can both promote neuronal health and kill neurons. Recent studies show that NMDAR …

Excitatory (glutamatergic) synapses in the mammalian brain are usually situated on dendritic
spines, a postsynaptic microcompartment that also harbors organelles involved in protein …

The initial reports regarding a cytotoxic role of calcium ions were published over 30 years
ago. In neurons, calcium ions can gain entry into the cell through several mechanisms …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to multiple short-and long-term changes in neuronal
circuits that ultimately conclude with an imbalance of cortical excitation and inhibition …

Neuroprotection for ischemic stroke refers to strategies, applied singly or in combination, that
antagonize the injurious biochemical and molecular events that eventuate in irreversible …

Well-documented experimental evidence from both in vitro and in vivo models of stroke
strongly supports the critical involvement of NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity in …

Most excitatory synapses in the brain use the neurotransmitter glutamate to carry impulses
between neurons. During fast transmission, glutamate usually activates a mixture of N …

Stroke is the world's second leading cause of mortality, with a high incidence of severe
morbidity in surviving victims. There are currently relatively few treatment options available …

Any type of brain injury that transpires post-birth is referred to as Acquired Brain Injury (ABI).
In general, ABI does not result from congenital disorders, degenerative diseases, or by brain …

The mitochondrial protein apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) plays a pivotal role in poly (ADP-
ribose) polymerase–1 (PARP-1)–mediated cell death (parthanatos), during which it is …