Background Seed is vital for plant survival and dispersion, however, its development and
germination are influenced by various internal and external factors. Abscisic acid (ABA) is …

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family is one of the largest transcription
factor gene families in Arabidopsis thaliana, and contains a bHLH motif that is highly …

Preharvest sprouting (PHS) due to lack of seed dormancy seriously threatens crop
production worldwide. As a complex quantitative trait, breeding of crop cultivars with suitable …

Seed plants have evolved to maintain the dormancy of freshly matured seeds until the
appropriate time for germination. Seed dormancy and germination are distinct physiological …

Overall growth and development of a plant is regulated by complex interactions among
various hormones, which is critical at different developmental stages. Some of the key …

Light is crucial for plant life, and perception of the light environment dictates plant growth,
morphology, and developmental changes. Such adjustments in growth and development in …

Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are members of the Arabidopsis thaliana basic helix-
loop-helix family of transcriptional regulators that interact specifically with the active Pfr …

The ability of a seed to germinate and establish a plant at the right time of year is of vital
importance from an ecological and economical point of view. Due to the fragility of these …

A small subset of basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors called PIFs (phytochrome-
interacting factors) act to repress seed germination, promote seedling skotomorphogenesis …

Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are diterpene plant hormones that are biosynthesized through
complex pathways and control diverse aspects of growth and development. Biochemical …