ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human
polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of …

In neurological diseases, the actions of microglia, the resident myeloid cells of the CNS
parenchyma, may diverge from, or intersect with, those of recruited monocytes to drive …

Intracerebral haemorrhage is inadequately controlled by current treatments, requiring new
solutions to improve the prognosis. Following the primary injury, a proinflammatory cascade …

In contrast to the multiple disease-modifying therapies that are available for relapsing–
remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), the therapeutic options for progressive MS (PMS) are …

Microglia are immune brain cells involved in neuroinflammation. They express a lot of
proteins on their surface such as receptors that can be activated by mediators released in …

Stroke remains a significant unmet clinical need with few treatment options that have a very
narrow therapeutic window, thereby causing massive mortality and morbidity in the United …

The prognosis of intracerebral haemorrhage continues to be devastating despite much
research into this condition. A prominent feature of intracerebral haemorrhage is …

Macrophages are present in all mammalian tissues and coexist with various cell types in
order to respond to different environmental cues. However, the role of these cells has been …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results when external physical forces impact the head with
sufficient intensity to cause damage to the brain. TBI can be mild, moderate, or severe and …

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains the most lethal type of stroke, and effective clinical
therapies that can speed up hematoma resolution after ICH are still lacking. While the …