In the whole life process, many factors including external and internal factors affect plant
growth and development. The morphogenesis, growth, and development of plants are …

Abiotic stress is an adverse environmental factor that severely affects plant growth and
development, and plants have developed complex regulatory mechanisms to adapt to these …

Dynamic environmental changes such as extreme temperature, water scarcity and high
salinity affect plant growth, survival, and reproduction. Plants have evolved sophisticated …

Drought and waterlogging seriously affect the growth of plants and are considered severe
constraints on agricultural and forestry productivity; their frequency and degree have …

Timely perception of adverse environmental changes is critical for survival. Dynamic
changes in gases are important cues for plants to sense environmental perturbations, such …

Jasmonates (JAs) and ethylene (ET), often acting cooperatively, play essential roles in
regulating plant defense against pests and pathogens. Recent research reviewed here has …

In contrast to climacteric fruits such as tomato, the knowledge on key regulatory genes
controlling the ripening of strawberry, a nonclimacteric fruit, is still limited. NAC transcription …

Transcription factors belonging to the APETALA 2/Ethylene R esponsive F actor (AP 2/ERF)
family are conservatively widespread in the plant kingdom. These regulatory proteins are …

Plants are sessile organisms that face environmental threats throughout their life cycle, but
increasing global warming poses an even more existential threat. Despite these unfavorable …

Isoprenoid biosynthesis is essential for all living organisms, and isoprenoids are also of
industrial and agricultural interest. All isoprenoids are derived from prenyl diphosphate …