To serve users quickly, Web service providers build infrastructure closer to clients and use
multi-stage transport connections. Although these changes reduce client-perceived round …

In this paper we explore the evolution of both the Internet's most heavily used transport
protocol, TCP, and the current network environment with respect to how the network's …

Packet losses increase latency for Web users. Fast recovery is a key mechanism for TCP to
recover from packet losses. In this paper, we explore some of the weaknesses of the …

Several recent Internet measurement studies show that the higher the packet sending rate,
the higher the packet-reordering probability. This implies that recently proposed high-speed …

We present icTCP, an “information and control” TCP implementation that exposes key
pieces of internal TCP state and allows certain TCP variables to be set in a safe fashion. The …

This document discusses optimizations for a TCP sender that are most helpful in the
presence of delays spikes, but are seemingly suitable for general deployment. The …

TCP has been found to perform poorly in the presence of spurious timeouts (ST) caused by
delay spikes which are especially more frequent in today's wireless mobile networks than in …

TCP frequently experiences spurious timeouts in wireless wide-area networks (WWAN),
because of the large delay variance in wireless links. Due to the retransmission ambiguity …

Retransmission ambiguity, arising from delay spikes in a wireless mobile environment,
results in poor TCP performance. Eifel improves the performance of TCP by using the …

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are used extensively in various important areas of
agriculture. Many of the associated activities involve the transmission of data or control …