The biopharmaceutical market is growing faster than ever, with two production systems
competing for market dominance: mammalian cells and microorganisms. In recent years …

This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of
matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of …

Yeasts are prominent hosts for the production of recombinant proteins from industrial
enzymes to therapeutic proteins. Particularly, the similarity of protein secretion pathways …

Proteins are considered magic molecules due to their enormous applications in the health
sector. Over the past few decades, therapeutic proteins have emerged as a promising …

As a desirable microbial cell factory, Pichia pastoris has garnered extensive utilization in
metabolic engineering. Nevertheless, the lack of fine-tuned gene expression components …

Lack of appropriate process models, reliable online sensors, and process variability in
bioprocess systems are poising challenges in real-time monitoring and control of critical …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute contagious disease that affects cloven-hoofed
animals and has severe global economic consequences. FMD is most commonly controlled …

Bioactive peptides (BPs) derived from proteins in food possess significant potential as
functional food ingredients. Traditional enzymatic hydrolysis is often constrained by raw …

Interferons (IFNs) are divided into 3 types (type I, type II, and type III) on the basis of
sequence homology and functional properties. Recombinant IFNs have been approved by …

BACKGROUND Process variability in bioprocess systems involving genetically engineered
strains is a common bottleneck and a real‐time insight of the on‐going process is crucial to …