Convergence is the phenomenon whereby similar phenotypes evolve independently in
different lineages. One example is resistance to toxins in animals. Toxins have evolved …

Citizen science is the interaction of the non-academic community in scientific studies, often
extended to collaborative platforms. We analyzed 168 photographs shared in a Brazilian …

Background Snakes and primates have a multi-layered coevolutionary history as predators,
prey, and competitors with each other. Previous work has explored the Snake Detection …

Background Snakes have always attracted scientists and it caused awe and fear because of
the harmful strength of its toxins and the components of various toxins from one snake to …

Some Australian elapids possess potently procoagulant coagulotoxic venoms which activate
the zymogen prothrombin into the functional enzyme thrombin. Although the activity of …

Opossums in the tribe Didelphini are resistant to pit viper venoms and are hypothesized to
be coevolving with venomous snakes. Specifically, a protein involved in blood clotting (von …

As said by former United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan,“Snakebite is the most
important tropical disease you've never heard of.” Listed as a priority neglected tropical …

Evidence suggests venomous snakes and primates have evolved certain traits in response
to a coevolutionary arms-race. In both clades, evolved traits include an increase in brain size …

Interactions between predators and prey are often characterized by strong selection that
shapes extreme physiological adaptations for survival in hostile environments. Venom …

The opossum Didelphis marsupialis, commonly referred to as the zorro pelón in Costa Rica,
is a marsupial that holds significant representation in both Costa Rican and indigenous …